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btc_close_2017.py
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btc_close_2017.py
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# coding: utf-8
# ## 16.2 制作比特币收盘价走势图：JSON 格式
# 在本节中，你将下载JSON格式的比特币（2009年由中本聪发明，
# 是一种去中心化、全球通用、基于区块链的电子加密货币，
# `https://bitcoin.org/zh_CN`）收盘价数据，并使用`json`模块来处理它们。
# Pygal提供了一个适合初学者使用的绘图工具，可以用它对比特币收盘价数据进行可视化，以探索比特币价格的特征。
from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function,
unicode_literals)
try:
# Python 2.x 版本
from urllib2 import urlopen
except ImportError:
# Python 3.x 版本
from urllib.request import urlopen # 1
import json
import requests
import pygal
import math
from itertools import groupby
json_url = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/muxuezi/btc/master/btc_close_2017.json'
response = urlopen(json_url) # 2
# 读取数据
req = response.read()
# 将数据写入文件
with open('btc_close_2017_urllib.json', 'wb') as f: # 3
f.write(req)
# 加载json格式
file_urllib = json.loads(req.decode('utf8')) # 4
print(file_urllib)
json_url = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/muxuezi/btc/master/btc_close_2017.json'
req = requests.get(json_url) # 1
# 将数据写入文件
with open('btc_close_2017_request.json', 'w') as f:
f.write(req.text) # 2
file_requests = req.json() # 3
print(file_urllib == file_requests)
# 将数据加载到一个列表中
filename = 'btc_close_2017.json'
with open(filename) as f:
btc_data = json.load(f) # 1
# 打印每一天的信息
for btc_dict in btc_data:
date = btc_dict['date']
month = int(btc_dict['month'])
week = int(btc_dict['week'])
weekday = btc_dict['weekday']
close = int(float(btc_dict['close'])) # 1
print("{} is month {} week {}, {}, the close price is {} RMB".format(
date, month, week, weekday, close))
# 创建5个列表，分别存储日期和收盘价
dates = []
months = []
weeks = []
weekdays = []
close = []
# 每一天的信息
for btc_dict in btc_data:
dates.append(btc_dict['date'])
months.append(int(btc_dict['month']))
weeks.append(int(btc_dict['week']))
weekdays.append(btc_dict['weekday'])
close.append(int(float(btc_dict['close'])))
line_chart = pygal.Line(x_label_rotation=20, show_minor_x_labels=False) # ①
line_chart.title = '比特币收盘价（¥）'
line_chart.x_labels = dates
N = 20 # x轴坐标每隔20天显示一次
line_chart.x_labels_major = dates[::N] # ②
line_chart.add('收盘价', close)
line_chart.render_to_file('比特币收盘价折线图（¥）.svg')
line_chart = pygal.Line(x_label_rotation=20, show_minor_x_labels=False)
line_chart.title = '比特币收盘价对数变换（¥）'
line_chart.x_labels = dates
N = 20 # x轴坐标每隔20天显示一次
line_chart.x_labels_major = dates[::N]
close_log = [math.log10(_) for _ in close] # ①
line_chart.add('log收盘价', close_log)
line_chart.render_to_file('比特币收盘价对数变换折线图（¥）.svg')
line_chart
def draw_line(x_data, y_data, title, y_legend):
xy_map = []
for x, y in groupby(sorted(zip(x_data, y_data)), key=lambda _: _[0]): # 2
y_list = [v for _, v in y]
xy_map.append([x, sum(y_list) / len(y_list)]) # 3
x_unique, y_mean = [*zip(*xy_map)] # 4
line_chart = pygal.Line()
line_chart.title = title
line_chart.x_labels = x_unique
line_chart.add(y_legend, y_mean)
line_chart.render_to_file(title + '.svg')
return line_chart
idx_month = dates.index('2017-12-01')
line_chart_month = draw_line(
months[:idx_month], close[:idx_month], '比特币收盘价月日均值（¥）', '月日均值')
line_chart_month
idx_week = dates.index('2017-12-11')
line_chart_week = draw_line(
weeks[1:idx_week], close[1:idx_week], '比特币收盘价周日均值（¥）', '周日均值')
line_chart_week
idx_week = dates.index('2017-12-11')
wd = ['Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday',
'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday', 'Sunday']
weekdays_int = [wd.index(w) + 1 for w in weekdays[1:idx_week]]
line_chart_weekday = draw_line(
weekdays_int, close[1:idx_week], '比特币收盘价星期均值（¥）', '星期均值')
line_chart_weekday.x_labels = ['周一', '周二', '周三', '周四', '周五', '周六', '周日']
line_chart_weekday.render_to_file('比特币收盘价星期均值（¥）.svg')
line_chart_weekday
with open('比特币收盘价Dashboard.html', 'w', encoding='utf8') as html_file:
html_file.write(
'<html><head><title>比特币收盘价Dashboard</title><meta charset="utf-8"></head><body>\n')
for svg in [
'比特币收盘价折线图（¥）.svg', '比特币收盘价对数变换折线图（¥）.svg', '比特币收盘价月日均值（¥）.svg',
'比特币收盘价周日均值（¥）.svg', '比特币收盘价星期均值（¥）.svg'
]:
html_file.write(
' <object type="image/svg+xml" data="{0}" height=500></object>\n'.format(svg)) # 1
html_file.write('</body></html>')